The tariffs challenged in court ranged from 10 percent to 50 percent and were imposed last year on goods from various countries. Small businesses and several states filed lawsuits contending that the administration had improperly relied on IEEPA authority. The Supreme Court ultimately agreed with those challengers.
Trump said the administration is reviewing other statutory authorities to continue advancing its trade agenda, including measures tied to national security and trade imbalances.
In a dissenting opinion, Justice Clarence Thomas argued that both the Constitution and federal law grant Congress the authority to regulate importation and that this power historically has included the ability to impose duties. He maintained that the statute relied upon by the administration authorized the tariffs in question.
The ruling represents a significant legal setback for a central component of Trump’s economic strategy. Administration officials have indicated they will continue exploring alternative legal pathways to implement trade policies consistent with the president’s objectives.